Materials modelling and process simulation of the pultrusion of curved parts

The present paper addresses the simulation of a concept for manufacturing aerospace quality carbon/epoxy composite curved parts using pultrusion. In this approach, part is first partially cured in pre-former followed by final curing post-former. An epoxy resin system has been fully characterised and corresponding constitutive material models, incorporating dependence on both temperature degree cure, developed. A 3D Finite Element model process, to manufacture T-stiffener, involving impregnation, forming curvature was developed implemented. results show that cure around 62% -close gelation point considered - at exit stage appropriate success subsequent stage. post-former completed reaching about 87%. stresses generated post-forming reach maximum 54 MPa compression transverse direction 200 tension fibre showing process feasible without inducing defects linked micro buckling or rupture.